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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed drugs for ADHD, and appear to increase and regulate levels of brain chemicals. They cannot solve the problem and can only treat symptoms if taken regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication can include changes in blood pressure and heart rate and stomach upset anxiety and tics. Some children and teens who take stimulant drugs have a slight decrease in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nerve stimulant is the most commonly used drug used to treat ADHD. It is available in many forms such as a chewable tablet, a liquid as well as a long-acting oral disintegrating tablet and an extended-release pill. The drug boosts the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. This improves concentration. It may also reduce the symptoms of anxiety and depression. When combined with other treatments like behavioral therapy, methylphenidate may be an effective treatment for ADHD. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that normally remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug can cause a small increase in blood pressure and heart rate. It may also trigger an abrupt change in blood sugar levels, which is why people with diabetes should be careful when taking this medication. If you encounter any of these side effects, talk to your doctor. Methylphenidate can also cause a condition called Raynaud's phenomenon, which causes numbness and discomfort in the toes and fingers. This is a rare but serious side result. It is essential to notify your doctor in the event that these symptoms develop. There is a concerns that methylphenidate may slow children's growth, however this has not been proved to be the situation. If you have a child who is being treated with methylphenidate be sure to monitor the child's height and weight closely. If your child is on chewable tablets of methylphenidate, it contains phenylalanine, which is a risk for children suffering from the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). If you suffer from PKU ask your doctor about different formulations of methylphenidate. Stimulants are considered the first-choice medication for treating ADHD However, some individuals have issues with them. In these instances, doctors might prescribe a different medication that functions similarly. In addition to methylphenidate, there are other stimulants, such as dexamfetamine and Lisdexamfetamine. These substances can last longer and are more potent than methylphenidate. They are typically taken between two and three times per day, but some people can take them more frequently. There are also psychological treatments for ADHD, but these are less effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also called Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD drug that increases concentration while decreasing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It is in a class of drugs known as selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and works by boosting levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers that control the brain's activity. It is a preferred choice for children and adults who want a different type of medication than stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to remember that atomoxetine does not work immediately, and it may take up to six weeks for the effects of the drug to be evident. You may also experience side effects such as drowsiness and nausea. For the majority of patients the benefits of taking atomoxetine are greater than any risk. The efficacy of atomoxetine was confirmed in a multisite double-blind placebo-controlled trial with 297 ADHD patients ages 12 to 18. The participants were randomized to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram or 1.2 mg/kg, or a placebo for 9 weeks. Both the atomoxetine group as well as the placebo group experienced a decrease in the symptoms of depression. The atomoxetine group saw more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However the improvement was only modest (Michelson et al 2001). In another open trial, 10 patients suffering from ADHD who were unable to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine for 8 weeks. The group receiving atomoxetine had improved ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group and scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale increasing significantly. One patient was unable to continue treatment due to an rash. In addition, three patients experienced gastrointestinal issues that were transient and one experienced increased fatigue (Kratochvil and co., 2005). Consult your physician before you start treatment with atomoxetine about your health history, including any supplements or medications you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as other over-the-counter medicines. Discuss with your doctor if any of the following conditions are present for narrow-angle glaucoma thyroid or adrenal gland tumor; high blood pressure; heart disease or sudden death. You should also be wary of atomoxetine in the event that you have taken an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid linezolid or methylene blue injection rasagiline or phenelzine, as well as tranylcypromine, in the past 14 days. Bupropion Bupropion, a nonstimulant, can help to improve ADHD symptoms. It can also decrease the impulsivity of children and improve focus. However, it does not affect the brain the same way that stimulants do. It's only available with a prescription. adhd adults medication will decide the best dosage for you. Bupropion comes in capsules and tablets. It is essential to follow the instructions. You may experience withdrawal symptoms in the event that you stop abruptly. It is usually taken two or three times daily with 4-6 hours between each dose. The dosage can range from 100mg two or three times per day up to 150mg three or four times every day. The drug is absorbed by the digestive system and excreted in urine. It is not able to enter breast milk. However, it could be absorbed into the bloodstream and affect other organs. Bupropion can increase blood pressure. It is essential to keep it in check frequently. Bupropion is a great drug that, in addition to reducing ADHD symptoms, can also reduce depression. It is also a treatment for bipolar disorder. It is accomplished by blocking dopamine receptors inside your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine from entering your brain, which can help stabilize your mood. Bupropion may interact with other medications It's therefore important to inform your doctor of any other medications you're taking. It is important to inform your doctor know if suffer from any allergies. Also, stay clear of caffeine and other stimulants, as they could make the adverse effects worse. In a variety of studies, bupropion was compared to placebos for adults suffering from ADHD. These studies had mixed results and were poorly conducted. Moreover, many of them excluded people with psychiatric comorbidity. However, the evidence suggests that bupropion may have a small effect on ADHD. Further research is needed to determine positive outcomes for patients, such as an improvement in the quality of living. Furthermore, a more precise understanding of the molecular subtypes of ADHD is needed before effective treatment can be created. This requires a deeper understanding of the interplay between the molecular pathways. Moreover, it's critical to understand how different anti-ADHD drugs work with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants When the stimulants prescribed to children with ADHD don't work or cause undesirable side effects, doctors may look to antidepressants for treatment. These medications, such as imipramine and Nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor) boost the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which help people to focus. These are old drugs that may have a number of adverse reactions, and are usually tried only when other medications have failed. The first option of antidepressants for depression is typically a selective serotonin receptor inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine sertraline, citalopram or escitalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants are still used in certain instances despite their long-standing history. They are effective in treating neuropathic and other pains however their antidepressant effect is not the same. They enhance noradrenephrine through inhibiting its reuptake. They also function as descending modulators of pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs have lower risks of toxicity and less serious side effects than the tricyclic antidepressants. They are also safer during pregnancy and do not appear to be teratogenic to animals or humans. If suddenly stopped, they could cause significant withdrawal symptoms. Your doctor might suggest gradually lowering the dose over several weeks to lessen the negative effects. Bupropion, a popular antidepressant prescribed off-label to treat ADHD, is not FDA approved as a treatment for adhd. It is believed to work by increasing neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine or dopamine in the brain, which increases concentration. It also helps reduce anxiety and stress. It can be used in conjunction with stimulants to produce quicker and lasting results. Although there aren't any other FDA-approved medications that are nonstimulant for ADHD Many people feel relief through the use of dietary supplements and herbs. A diet that is low in fat and sugar may aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Certain people can benefit from abstaining from caffeine. Discuss with your doctor any medicines you or your child are taking, including herbal remedies and prescription drugs. This will minimize unwanted side effects as well as prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect individuals differently. It could take a bit of trial and error before you discover the ideal dosage and drug for your child or yourself.